9-Man volleyball rules as seen from the referees pespective:

The referee rules in 9-Man volleyball are crucial for ensuring fair play and maintaining the integrity of the game. 

Here are the detailed referee rules commonly followed in 9-Man volleyball:

Referee Positions: A 9-Man volleyball match typically has two referees, namely the first referee and the second referee. The first referee is positioned on a stand or platform at one end of the net, while the second referee stands on the opposite side of the court.

Pre-Match Duties: Before the match begins, the referees conduct a pre-match meeting with the team captains. During this meeting, they explain the rules, conduct a coin toss to determine the first serve, and ensure that the teams are ready to start the match.

Coin Toss: The first referee conducts a coin toss with the team captains to determine the team that serves first and the initial court side choices.

Serve Reception Position Checks: Before each set, the second referee checks the receiving team's rotation and ensures that the players are in their correct positions. This is to prevent rotation errors or illegal formations.

Scoring and Signals: The first referee is responsible for signaling the start of each rally, indicating points, and managing the score. They use specific hand signals to communicate the score to both teams and the spectators.

Ball In and Out: The referees determine whether the ball is in or out of bounds. They make this judgment based on the ball's contact with the court boundary lines. The first referee makes the final decision, but the second referee can provide input if necessary.

Net Faults: The referees monitor the net and the players' actions near it. They enforce rules related to net faults, such as players touching the net during play, crossing the centerline under the net, or interfering with the opposing team's play.

Foot Faults: Referees also watch for foot faults during serves. They ensure that the server does not step on or over the end line while serving the ball.

Faults and Violations: Referees identify and call faults or violations, such as illegal hits, double contacts, lifts, carries, four hits, back-row attacks, and blocking violations. They make quick judgments based on their observation of the play and promptly signal any infringements.

Player Substitutions: The referees manage player substitutions and ensure they occur within the rules. They must be notified by the coach or team captain before any substitutions take place, and the players must enter and exit the court through the substitution zone.

Timeouts and Coach Interactions: The referees grant timeouts upon request by the team captain or coach. They also maintain control over coach interactions, ensuring that coaches do not engage in unsportsmanlike conduct or interfere with the match.

Match Conclusion: The referees oversee the conclusion of each set and the match as a whole. They verify the final score, announce the winning team, and officiate any necessary tiebreaker sets if required.

It's important to note that these referee rules may vary slightly based on the specific league, tournament, or governing body overseeing the 9-Man volleyball match. Referees play a crucial role in upholding fair play, enforcing the rules, and ensuring that the match proceeds smoothly.Referee Positions: A 9-Man volleyball match typically has two referees, namely the first referee and the second referee. The first referee is positioned on a stand or platform at one end of the net, while the second referee stands on the opposite side of the court.